An assessment of nurses' knowledge and prevention of central line-associated bloodstream infections at Federal Medical Centre, Jalingo
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Background of the Study
Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) are serious and potentially fatal infections that occur when bacteria or other pathogens enter the bloodstream through a central venous catheter (Hassan et al., 2023). CLABSI is a major concern in hospital settings, as it leads to prolonged hospital stays, increased healthcare costs, and higher mortality rates (Chukwu et al., 2024). Nurses are on the frontlines in preventing CLABSI through practices such as proper insertion techniques, maintenance of central lines, and adherence to hygiene protocols (Ayotunde & Okunade, 2023). Effective prevention of CLABSI is contingent on nurses’ knowledge of infection control measures and their ability to apply evidence-based practices consistently.
Federal Medical Centre (FMC) in Jalingo, a major healthcare provider in northeastern Nigeria, serves a diverse population with varying health needs. CLABSI prevention practices are particularly important in high-risk departments such as intensive care units (ICUs), where the use of central lines is more frequent (Oke et al., 2023). Despite the availability of guidelines, there are concerns about the level of knowledge and compliance among nurses regarding CLABSI prevention practices in FMC Jalingo. This study aims to assess the knowledge and practices of nurses in preventing CLABSI, identify gaps in their practices, and provide recommendations to improve infection control measures.
Statement of the Problem
CLABSI remains a significant concern in many hospitals, including Federal Medical Centre, Jalingo, due to improper central line management and inadequate adherence to infection prevention protocols. Nurses play a central role in preventing these infections, but their knowledge and implementation of prevention strategies may be insufficient. There is a need for a thorough assessment of nurses' knowledge of CLABSI prevention and an evaluation of the effectiveness of current practices at FMC Jalingo to reduce the incidence of these infections.
Objectives of the Study
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To assess nurses' knowledge of CLABSI prevention protocols at Federal Medical Centre, Jalingo.
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To evaluate the current practices of nurses in preventing CLABSI at FMC Jalingo.
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To identify barriers to the effective prevention of CLABSI and provide recommendations for improvement.
Research Questions
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What is the level of knowledge of CLABSI prevention among nurses at Federal Medical Centre, Jalingo?
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What practices do nurses follow to prevent CLABSI at FMC Jalingo?
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What factors hinder nurses' adherence to CLABSI prevention practices at FMC Jalingo?
Research Hypotheses
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Nurses' knowledge of CLABSI prevention protocols is positively correlated with their adherence to these protocols.
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Nurses with more years of experience are more knowledgeable and adherent to CLABSI prevention practices.
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Limited resources and inadequate training significantly hinder nurses' ability to prevent CLABSI at FMC Jalingo.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses working in high-risk units, including ICUs, at Federal Medical Centre, Jalingo. The study will evaluate their knowledge and practices related to CLABSI prevention. Limitations include the potential for response bias and the inability to generalize the findings to other healthcare settings with different infection control infrastructures.
Definitions of Terms
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Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection (CLABSI): An infection that occurs when bacteria or other pathogens enter the bloodstream through a central venous catheter.
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Prevention Protocols: Standardized procedures and practices designed to reduce the risk of CLABSI, including proper catheter insertion and maintenance.
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Adherence: The extent to which nurses follow CLABSI prevention protocols to ensure patient safety and reduce infection risk.
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Nurses: Healthcare professionals responsible for the care and management of patients with central lines, including preventing infections through proper techniques.
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